Acid Peptic Disease (APD) is a common digestive issue. It mainly causes pain in the upper abdomen. Some people feel bloated, full, or nauseous after eating. These symptoms frequently indicate a stomach acid imbalance.
This guide covers everything about APD—its causes, symptoms, and treatment options. A timely and correct diagnosis is important. It helps you treat the real problem and avoid future complications.
What is Acid Peptic Disease (APD)?
APD is a collection of digestive disorders brought on by either a weak stomach lining or an excess of stomach acid. This imbalance leads to damage in the stomach or nearby areas.
APD includes problems like peptic ulcers, acid reflux (GERD), and stomach lining injuries due to stress. These issues happen when acid and digestive enzymes harm the stomach or intestinal lining. Particularly after meals, it may result in pain, discomfort, or a burning sensation.
Common Symptoms of Acid Peptic Disease
Many people with acid peptic disease, especially peptic ulcers, may not notice any symptoms at first. When symptoms appear, they usually include:
- A dull or intense stomach ache
- Pain that worsens at night or between meals
- Discomfort or heaviness after eating
- Bloating or a feeling of fullness
- Frequent burping
- Heartburn
- Nausea
In severe cases, ulcers may bleed. This can lead to:
- Vomiting blood (red or black in color)
- Dark or black-colored stools
- Feeling faint or dizzy
If any of these serious symptoms appear, medical help is needed right away.
What Causes Acid Peptic Disease?
Acid Peptic Disease can develop due to several reasons.
- H. pylori infection: One of the most common causes is an H. pylori infection. It damages the stomach lining and results in ulcers.
- NSAIDs: Painkillers like aspirin and diclofenac can reduce the protective stomach lining, causing irritation and ulcers.
- Smoking and alcohol: Both increase acid production and weaken the stomach lining.
- Steroids and certain medicines: Some drugs, including corticosteroids, chemotherapy, and niacin, can trigger ulcers.
- Blood group O: Stomach ulcers are more common in people with this blood group.
- Family history: If close relatives have had ulcers, the risk is higher.
- Unhealthy diet: High-fat foods, caffeine, and low fiber intake can irritate the stomach.
- Stress: Physical or emotional stress may worsen symptoms or trigger ulcers.
- Underlying diseases: Conditions like chronic kidney, liver, or lung disease and hormone disorders like hyperparathyroidism may lead to ulcers.
How is Acid Peptic Disease Diagnosed?
If you have signs of Acid Peptic Disease, your doctor may suggest a few tests to confirm it. One of the first steps is checking for an H. pylori infection, which is a common cause. Either a stool or breath test can be used for this.
For a definitive diagnosis, an upper endoscopy is frequently utilized. This test involves inserting a tiny, camera-equipped tube into your stomach. It displays your digestive tract’s inner lining. Doctors can also take a small tissue sample (biopsy) during this test to check for H. pylori.
In some cases, detailed scans like a CT scan or a GI X-ray series are used to spot larger ulcers or complications.
Endoscopy is helpful because it not only shows images but also allows doctors to treat certain problems during the procedure, like stopping active bleeding. These tests help confirm Acid Peptic Disease and guide the right treatment.
Treatment for Acid Peptic Disease
Your symptoms and the underlying reason will determine the best course of action for treating acid reflux disease. A doctor will decide what suits you best. Common treatment options include:
- Antacids: By neutralizing stomach acid, these provide immediate comfort. They help reduce indigestion and heartburn.
- H2 blockers: They last longer than antacids and reduce the generation of acid.
- Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): These are strong acid blockers. They reduce acid at the source and promote healing.
- H. pylori treatment: A mix of antibiotics and PPIs or bismuth-based drugs can clear the infection effectively.
- Surgery: Rarely needed, but may be required if medicine doesn’t work or complications arise.
Lifestyle changes also play a big role. Avoid alcohol, smoking, caffeine, spicy or oily food, and painkillers like aspirin or NSAIDs. Eat a healthy, balanced diet. These changes can ease symptoms, help healing, and prevent future problems.
Final Thoughts
If you’re experiencing signs of Acid Peptic Disease, timely care from an experienced specialist makes all the difference. Dr. Ishan Shah, a trusted name and one of the best gastro surgeons in Ahmedabad, offers advanced diagnosis and effective treatment for all types of digestive issues. Regain your comfort and health with expert guidance and personalized care.
